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Abolish state of origin: A prerequisite for true national integration

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state of origin

By Nosa Ota Osaikhuiwu,

Nigeria stands at a critical point in its national development. Nearly sixty-six years after independence, our nation continues to struggle with divisions rooted in ethnicity, tribalism, and the outdated concept of “state of origin.”

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If Nigeria is to become a truly united and prosperous nation, we must fundamentally rethink how citizenship is defined and practiced.

One of the greatest obstacles to national unity is the continued emphasis on state of origin rather than state of residence. Every Nigerian is first and foremost a citizen of Nigeria.

Yet our laws, government policies, and administrative procedures continue to classify citizens according to ancestral origin instead of where they actually live, work, pay taxes, and contribute to society.

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It is time for the National Assembly to enact legislation abolishing the use of state of origin and replacing it with state or local government of residence for all official government purposes.

Equal Citizenship Through Residency

The proposed legislation should clearly define residency requirements.

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Once a Nigerian has legally resided in a state or local government for a specified number of years and has fulfilled obligations such as tax payment and other civic responsibilities, that individual should enjoy the same rights, privileges, opportunities, and responsibilities as any indigene of that community.

No Nigerian should remain a perpetual “stranger” in any part of the country where they have chosen to build their lives.

Such rights should include:

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  • Equal access to public employment.
  • Eligibility for admissions into educational institutions.
  • The right to vote and be voted for where they reside.
  • Equal access to government services and social benefits.
  • The right to own property without discrimination.
  • Full participation in local political and economic life.

 

Ending Institutionalized Tribalism

The present system unintentionally encourages tribal loyalty over national citizenship. Rather than identifying primarily as Nigerians, many citizens first identify with their ancestral states because government policies reward those classifications.

As a result, national discussions frequently become contests over which state or ethnic group benefits most from federal appointments, infrastructure projects, or public resources instead of focusing on what best serves Nigeria as a whole.

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Replacing state of origin with state of residence would gradually change this mindset by encouraging Nigerians to invest emotionally, economically, and politically in the communities where they actually live.

Better Planning and Fairer Resource Allocation

This reform would also improve national planning. Today, millions of Nigerians live permanently outside their ancestral states.

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Yet many official records continue to associate them with their states of origin rather than their places of residence. For example, a state may officially have twenty million people by origin, while only ten million actually reside there.

Meanwhile, another state may receive ten million migrants who require roads, hospitals, schools, housing, water, electricity, and other public services, but existing policies will not adequately recognize snd compensate for this situation.

Government planning should reflect where people actually live, not where their ancestors came from.

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Using residence as the basis for census data, budgeting, infrastructure development, healthcare planning, educational investments, and revenue allocation would produce more accurate statistics and more efficient public spending.

Promoting National Unity

Many prominent Nigerians were born outside their ancestral states. Nevertheless, our current administrative system compels them to identify only with their ancestral origins. Nigeria should move beyond this outdated arrangement.

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Citizenship should be based upon commitment to one’s community of residence rather than ancestry.

This reform would promote:

  • National integration.
  • Social cohesion.
  • Equal opportunity.
  • Economic mobility.
  • Meritocracy.
  • Reduced ethnic tension.
  • Stronger democratic participation.

It would also encourage Nigerians to see every part of the country as home rather than limiting their identity to ancestral boundaries.

A Call to the National Assembly

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As members of the National Assembly return to legislative business, we urge them to make this constitutional and legislative reform a national priority.

The use of state of origin in official documentation, public employment, educational admissions, and government programmes should be gradually phased out and replaced with state or local government of residence.

Nigeria belongs to all Nigerians.

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Our laws should reflect that simple but powerful truth by promoting equal citizenship, national unity, and shared responsibility rather than perpetuating divisions based on ancestral origin.

If we truly desire one united Nigeria, then every Nigerian must have the freedom to live, work, participate, and prosper in any part of the country without discrimination.

Replacing state of origin with state of residence would be one of the boldest and most transformative reforms in Nigeria’s democratic history.

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It would move our nation closer to the promise of equal citizenship envisioned in our Constitution and help build a stronger, more united Federal Republic where every Nigerian is at home anywhere in Nigeria.

Also read: Madugu Targets Strong WAFCON Title Defence for Super Falcons

Finally, I urge all Nigerians irrespective of their places of origin to join this call and reach to their representatives, senators, governors and indeed the president through phone calls, letters and online to support this initiative for true national integration and cohesion.

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Opinion

Our Great Tree of Peace: Keynote Address at All Nigeria Rotary Peace Summit

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Distinguished leaders of government, members of the diplomatic community, representatives of security and law-enforcement agencies, traditional and religious leaders, distinguished guests, fellow Rotary members, ladies and gentlemen:

It is an honour to welcome you to the “All Nigeria Rotary Peace Summit.”

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The question before us is how to come together, work toward a shared national future, and achieve true and lasting peace.

Nigeria has enormous potential. We have contributed to peace and stability across Africa, including through our work with the Economic Community of West African States and United Nations peacekeeping and Peace Support operations.

Our work in Liberia and other parts of Africa shows that we have the experience and ability to help prevent and manage conflict beyond our borders.

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Now it is time to turn those energies inward — to bring our commitment to building peace among our neighbors and the world back home.

But we cannot impose peace. We must nurture it from the very roots of our society so it may grow into a great tree that will feed and shelter all of us under its protective embrace.

As a member of Rotary, when I consider this idea, I look to the philosophy of Positive Peace.

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Peace, through this lens, is so much more than the absence of violence. To achieve true and lasting peace, we must consider the attitudes, institutions, and structures that create and sustain peaceful societies.

Here in Nigeria, meaningful peace cannot rely on our security forces and government institutions alone. It requires every level of society to come together for the betterment of all.

To grow Positive Peace from the ground up, Rotary starts from the very foundation of life, as we have done here.
In 2022, Rotary began a program called, “Together for Healthy Families in Nigeria.”

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Members of Rotary here in Nigeria and as far away as Germany partnered with federal and state health ministries to make giving birth safer for both mother and child.

The program has helped expectant mothers across three states and the capital receive better and more frequent prenatal care.

Community health workers made nearly 60,000 visits to homes of expectant mothers and spoke with them and their families. We supplied 158 health facilities with contraceptives, medicine, and equipment.

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We have already seen positive outcomes. Maternal deaths were reduced by 77%, and newborn deaths were reduced by 45% at supported facilities.

There is more work to do, but we are making progress. This is one way we plant the seeds of peace in Nigeria and around the world — we listen to the community, work with people so they can make their own lives better, and we stay committed to our goals.

With each child born safely to a healthy mother, we ease the burden carried by the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. We give families a greater sense of safety and security.

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This is the beginning of Positive Peace. But members of Rotary do not stop once the seeds of peace are planted.

Since 2020, Nigeria has been free of the deadly grip of the wild poliovirus, which paralyzed and sometimes killed children when their lives had barely begun. And we continue to work with our friends at the World Health Organization and others to keep it that way and address the more recent outbreaks of variant poliovirus.

Rotary also builds peace directly. Members of Rotary clubs across Nigeria devote themselves to building peace every day.

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And the year after Nigeria was declared wild polio-free, Rotary worked with Makerere University in Uganda to open a Peace Center, where students — called Peace Fellows — can learn how to build lasting peace both here in Nigeria and across Africa.

Over the years, more than 75 Rotary Peace Fellows have come from Nigeria. Some of our Peace Fellows are even here with us today.

I tell you this not to advertise Rotary (although we can always use new members). I tell you this because I want you to know that Rotary is already a quiet partner in peacebuilding — not only around the world — but here in our shared home.

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As members of Rotary, we are not soldiers, ambassadors, or diplomats. We bring people together to find common purpose through service to others. We are here for Nigeria, and we are here to stay.

This year, I have called on every member of Rotary to Create Lasting Impact, and today, my brothers and sisters of Nigeria, I ask the same of every one of us.

I ask us to look at every level of society in Nigeria and consider how we can make all our lives better — not only today, but far into the future of this great nation. We may not speak the same language, worship the same way, or live the same way, but our nation’s future depends on all of us working together.

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This summit is an opportunity to turn our shared commitment to peace into practical action — to take mere words and transform them into a bright future for us and all our children.

To my dear friends and family of Rotary here today, I challenge you to make peacebuilding in Nigeria our legacy of lasting impact.

As I have said to the Rotary world time and time again, we must consider how everything we do contributes to peace and pursue that peace purposefully and deliberately.

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Rotary can help build confidence between institutions and communities, strengthen public trust, and ease the burden of everyday life that makes peacebuilding that much harder … but we must do so with purpose.

And before we can Create Lasting Impact in Nigeria, we must first have the courage to change ourselves, whether we are members of Rotary or not.

We cannot continue to do what we have always done and expect our great tree of peace to magically sprout from the ground. We must nurture our country and ourselves with all our being.

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Give yourselves permission to be changed by what you see and hear at this summit.

That is how lasting impact is achieved — through people who are willing to change, institutions that are prepared to work for everyone, and communities that have the capacity to sustain progress.

And once we allow ourselves to change, we open ourselves to a new future — a future where the circumstances of someone’s birth do not determine their access to justice, opportunity, or dignity.

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A future where differences are respected, where violence is rejected, and where we all come together, not as different groups in competition, but as Nigerians in harmony.

As we begin this summit, let us commit to more than resolutions and declarations. Let us commit to stability through change.

Remember that our true measure of success is not the words we share among ourselves today, but the impact of our actions that lasts generation after generation.

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And if our commitment to peace is true — if our capacity for change is enough — our children, and their children after them, will enjoy the fruits of our labor under our great tree of peace — protected, safe, and free.

Thank you.

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